Incamake

Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) ni indwara ikomeye iterwa na Ebola virus, ishobora kwanduza abantu ndetse n'inyamaswa zimwe na zimwe. Ni indwara ishobora gukwirakwira vuba iyo itamenyekanye kandi ntihafashwe ingamba zo kuyikumira.

Nubwo Ebola ishobora guteza impfu nyinshi, ariko iyo umuntu avuwe hakiri kare kandi agahabwa ubuvuzi bukwiye, amahirwe yo gukira ariyongera cyane.

Ibimenyetso bya Ebola

Bimwe mu bimenyetso bishobora kuba:

• umuriro utunguranye,
• kubabara umutwe,
• kubabara imikaya,
• kubabara mu muhogo,
• kuruka,
• impiswi,
• kubabara mu nda,
• gucika intege cyane,
• rimwe na rimwe kuva amaraso.

Ibi bimenyetso akenshi bikunze kugaragara hagati y'iminsi 2 na 21 nyuma yo guhura na virusi.

1. Ebola ntiyandurira mu kirere nk'ibicurane

Kimwe mu bintu abantu benshi bibeshyaho ni uko Ebola ikwirakwira mu mwuka.

Mu by'ukuri, Ebola ntiyandurira mu kirere (airborne) nk'ibicurane cyangwa COVID-19.

Yandurira cyane binyuze mu:

• amaraso,
• kuruka,
• impiswi,
• inkari,
• ibyuya,
• amasohoro,
• amata yonsa,
• cyangwa andi mazi yo mu mubiri w'umuntu urwaye cyangwa wapfuye azize Ebola.

2. Umuntu utaragira ibimenyetso ntakunze kwanduza abandi

Mu buryo busanzwe, umuntu atangira kwanduza iyo ibimenyetso bitangiye kugaragara.

Ibi bituma kumenya abarwaye hakiri kare no kubashyira ahantu bavurirwa ari ingenzi mu guhagarika icyorezo.

3. Imihango yo gushyingura ishobora gukwirakwiza Ebola

Umubiri w'umuntu wapfuye azize Ebola ushobora gukomeza kuba urimo virusi nyinshi.

Gukorakora umurambo cyangwa gukora ku myenda cyangwa ibikoresho byahuye n'umurambo nta bikoresho byo kwikingira wambaye bishobora gutera ubwandu.

Ni yo mpamvu mu gihe cy'icyorezo hakurikizwa uburyo bwihariye bwo gushyingura burinda ubuzima.

4. Inyamaswa zimwe na zimwe zishobora kuba isoko ry'ubwandu

Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko uducurama (fruit bats) dushobora kuba ububiko bwa virusi (natural reservoir).

Abantu bashobora kwandura nyuma yo gukora ku nyamaswa z'ishyamba zanduye cyangwa kurya inyama zazo zidatetswe neza.

5. Akenshi ibimenyetso bya mbere biba bisa n'izindi ndwara

Mu ntangiriro, Ebola ishobora kumera nka:

• malaria,
• tifoyide,
• ibicurane,
• cyangwa izindi ndwara zitera umuriro.

Ibimenyetso bya mbere bishobora kuba:

• umuriro,
• kubabara umutwe,
• umunaniro,
• kubabara imikaya,
• kubabara mu muhogo.

Ni yo mpamvu kwisuzumisha ari ingenzi.

6. Si abarwayi bose bava amaraso

Abantu benshi batekereza ko kuva amaraso ari cyo kimenyetso nyamukuru cya Ebola.

Mu by'ukuri, abarwayi benshi ntibava amaraso.

Ibimenyetso bikunze kuboneka ni:

• umuriro,
• kuruka,
• impiswi,
• kubabara mu nda,
• gucika intege cyane.

Kuva amaraso biboneka ku barwayi bamwe gusa, cyane cyane iyo indwara yakomeye.

7. Hari inkingo zifasha kwirinda Ebola

Mu myaka yashize habonetse urukingo rwemewe rufasha kwirinda ubwoko bumwe bwa Ebola (Zaire ebolavirus).

Mu gihe habaye icyorezo, inzego z'ubuzima zishobora gukoresha uru rukingo ku bantu bafite ibyago byinshi byo kwandura.

8. Hari imiti yongera amahirwe yo gukira

Mbere nta muti wihariye wari uhari.

Ubu hari imiti imwe n\'imwe yemewe ku bwoko bwa Zaire ebolavirus ishobora kugabanya ibyago byo gupfa iyo itanzwe hakiri kare, kandi ubuvuzi bwo gushyigikira umurwayi bukomeza kuba ingenzi.

Zirikana ko kwirinda aribwo buryo bwiza bwo kwirinda ubwandu.

9. Abakize Ebola bashobora gukomeza gukenera ubuvuzi

Nubwo umuntu yakira, ashobora gukomeza kugira ibibazo nka:

• kubabara ingingo,
• umunaniro ukabije,
• ibibazo by'amaso,
• ibibazo byo kwibuka cyangwa kwibanda.

Ibi byitwa Post-Ebola Syndrome.

10. Virusi ishobora kumara igihe mu bice bimwe by'umubiri

Nyuma yo gukira, virusi ishobora kumara igihe bice bimwe na bimwe bigize umubiri w'umuntu. Urugero nko mu:

• maso,
• ubwonko,
• cyangwa amasohoro.

Ni yo mpamvu abakize bahabwa inama zo gukomeza gukurikiranwa n'abaganga.

11. Kwirinda ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kugabanya ibyago byo kwandura

Mu gihe cy'icyorezo:

• Irinde gukorakora amaraso cyangwa andi mazi yo mu mubiri w'umurwayi.
• Karaba intoki kenshi ukoresheje amazi n'isabune cyangwa umuti usukura intoki.
• Irinde gukora ku murambo w'umuntu wapfuye azize Ebola udafite ibikoresho byo kwikingira.
• Kurikiza amabwiriza y'inzego z'ubuzima.

12. Ebola ishobora gukumirwa iyo abantu bafatanyije

Ni ryari wajya kwa muganga?

Jya kwa muganga cyangwa ubimenyeshe inzego z'ubuzima ako kanya niba:

• ufite umuriro nyuma yo guhura n'umuntu urwaye Ebola,
• wavuye mu gace karimo icyorezo ugatangira kugira ibimenyetso,
• cyangwa wakoze ku maraso cyangwa andi mazi yo mu mubiri w'umuntu bikekwa ko arwaye Ebola.

Ntukivure wenyine kandi ntukagure imiti muri farumasi (pharmacy) kandi nanone wirinde kwegera abandi niba ukeka ko wanduye.

Uko wakwirinda