Zika Virus: Ibintu 12 abantu benshi batamenya yitwa ZIKA

Incamake

Zika Virus Disease (Zika) ni indwara iterwa na virusi yitwa Zika virus (ZIKV), yandurira cyane mu kurumwa n'umubu wo mu bwoko bwa Aedes aegypti na Aedes albopictus. Uyu ni na wo mubu ukwirakwiza Dengue na Chikungunya.

Abantu benshi bandura Zika ntibagaragaza ibimenyetso cyangwa bakagira ibimenyetso byoroheje. Icyakora, Zika ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mwana uri mu nda, ari yo mpamvu yitabwaho cyane mu buzima rusange.

Ibimenyetso bya Zika

Abafite ibimenyetso bashobora kugira:

• umuriro woroheje,
• uduheri ku ruhu,
• amaso atukura,
• kubabara ingingo,
• kubabara imikaya,
• kubabara umutwe.

Ibimenyetso bikunze kumara iminsi 2–7.

1. Abantu benshi bandura Zika ntibabimenya

Kimwe mu bintu abantu benshi batamenya ni uko abantu benshi banduye Zika batagira ibimenyetso.

Abafite ibimenyetso bakunze kugira:

• umuriro woroheje,
• uduheri ku ruhu,
• amaso atukura (conjunctivitis),
• kubabara ingingo,
• kubabara umutwe.

Kubera ko ibimenyetso biba byoroheje, umuntu ashobora kwanduza umubu, atazi ko arwaye iyo umurumye, hanyuma uwo mubu nawo ukajya kwanduza umuntu warumye nyuma.

2. Zika ishobora kwangiza ubwonko bw'umwana uri mu nda

Iyo umugore atwite yanduye Zika, virusi ishobora kugera ku mwana.

Ibi bishobora kongera ibyago byo kuvukana:

• microcephaly (umutwe muto ugereranyije n'ibisanzwe),
• ibibazo byo gukura kw'ubwonko,
• ibibazo byo kureba no kumva,
• cyangwa izindi nenge z'ivuka zizwi nka Congenital Zika Syndrome (CZS).

Si abana bose bavuka bafite ibi bibazo, ariko ni imwe mu mpamvu nyamukuru zituma abagore batwite bagirwa inama yo kwirinda indwara ya Zika.

3. Zika ishobora kwandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina

Bitandukanye na Dengue na Chikungunya, Zika ishobora kwandurira hagati y'abakundana binyuze mu mibonano mpuzabitsina.

Virusi ishobora kuguma mu masohoro igihe kirenze icyo imara mu maraso, ni yo mpamvu amabwiriza y'ubuzima ashobora gusaba gukoresha agakingirizo cyangwa gutegereza igihe runaka mbere yo gukora imibonano mpuzabitsina nyuma  y'urugendo mu gace karimo indwara Zika.

4. Umubu utera indwara ya Zika uruma cyane ku manywa

Umubu wa Aedes ukwirakwiza Zika ukunze kurumana:

• mu gitondo,
• no ku mugoroba utarira.

Ni yo mpamvu kwirinda kurumwa n'umubu ku manywa ari ingenzi.

5. Zika ishobora kwitiranywa na Dengue cyangwa Chikungunya

Kubera ko izo ndwara zose zikwirakwizwa n'umubu umwe, ibimenyetso byazo birasa.

Ni yo mpamvu muganga ashobora gukenera ibizamini kugira ngo amenye neza indwara umuntu afite.

6. Hari abantu bake bagira ibibazo by'imyakura

Nubwo biba gake, Zika ishobora gutuma bamwe bagira indwara ya Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS). Iyi ni ndwara ituma imyakura icika intege, bikaba byatera intege nke cyangwa paralize (paralysis) y'igihe gito.

7. Nta muti wihariye wica Zika virus

Kugeza ubu:

• nta muti wica Zika virus,
• nta rukingo rwemewe rukoreshwa ku rwego rusange.

Ubuvuzi bushingiye ku kuruhuka, kunywa amazi ahagije no kugabanya ibimenyetso.

8. Ntabwo Zika yandurira mu guhoberana cyangwa gusangira ibikoresho

Zika ntiyandurira mu:

• guhana ibiganza,
• guhoberana,
• gusangira ibikoresho byo mu rugo,
• cyangwa gusangira amafunguro.

Yandurizwa cyane n'umubu wa Aedes, kandi ishobora no kwandurira mu mibonano mpuzabitsina no kuva ku mubyeyi ujya ku mwana.

9. Abagore batwite ni bo bagomba kwitabwaho cyane

Niba umugore atwite atuye cyangwa agiye mu gace karimo Zika, ni byiza:

• kwirinda kurumwa n'umubu,
• gukurikiza amabwiriza y'inzego z'ubuzima,
• no kubonana n'umuganga igihe habaye ibimenyetso cyangwa gukeka ubwandu.

10. Gukuraho aho umubu wororokera ni ingenzi

Umubu wa Aedes wororokera mu mazi make ahagaze.

Kurandura aho wororokera bifasha kugabanya cyane ikwirakwizwa rya:

• Zika,
• Dengue,
• na Chikungunya.

11. Kwivuza hakiri kare bifasha gukurikirana neza ubuzima

Nubwo abantu benshi bakira neza, kwisuzumisha hakiri kare bifasha:

• gutandukanya Zika n'izindi ndwara,
• guha inama zihariye abagore batwite,
• no gukurikirana ibibazo bishobora kuvuka.

12. Kwirinda ni bwo buryo bwiza bwo kurwanya indwara ya Zika

Kubera ko nta muti cyangwa urukingo rukoreshwa ku rwego rusange, kwirinda kurumwa n'umubu no gukurikiza amabwiriza y'ubuzima ni byo bifasha cyane.

Ni ryari wajya kwa muganga?

Jya kwa muganga niba:

• uri umugore utwite kandi ukeka ko wanduye Zika,
• ufite umuriro nyuma yo kuva mu gace karimo icyorezo,
• ufite intege nke zikabije cyangwa ibimenyetso bishobora kwerekana Guillain–Barré Syndrome,
• cyangwa ibimenyetso bikomeje cyangwa bikiyongera.

Uko wakwirinda

• Irinde kurumwa n'umubu ukoresheje imiti yirukana imibu.
• Ambara imyenda miremire igihe bishoboka.
• Kuraho amazi yose yiretse hafi y'urugo.
• Koresha inzitiramubu aho bikwiye.
• Kurikiza inama z'umuganga ku mibonano mpuzabitsina niba waturutse cyangwa utuye mu gace karimo Zika.
• Abagore batwite bagomba gukurikiza amabwiriza y'inzego z'ubuzima ku rugendo no kwirinda ubwandu.